Chapter 3

Language Basics

Building blocks of Nevaarize

Comments

Nevaarize supports single-line comments with //:

// This is a comment
print("Hello")  // Inline comment

// Multi-line comments can span
// multiple lines like this

Variables

Variables are dynamically typed and don't need explicit declarations:

// Assign values directly
name = "Nevaarize"
version = 1
pi = 3.14159
active = true

// Reassign with different types
value = 42
value = "now a string"
value = [1, 2, 3]
No-Underscore Policy

Nevaarize enforces a No-Underscore Policy for identifiers. Use camelCase instead of snake_case.

// ✗ Not allowed
my_variable = 10

// ✓ Use camelCase
myVariable = 10

Data Types

Nevaarize has the following primitive types:

Type Description Example
int 64-bit integer 42, -100
float 64-bit floating point 3.14, -0.5
string Text string "hello"
bool Boolean true, false
array Dynamic array [1, 2, 3]
nil Null value nil

Type Checking

// Check type with type() function
x = 42
print(type(x))  // "int"

y = 3.14
print(type(y))  // "float"

z = "hello"
print(type(z))  // "string"

Operators

Arithmetic Operators

a = 10
b = 3

print(a + b)   // 13  (addition)
print(a - b)   // 7   (subtraction)
print(a * b)   // 30  (multiplication)
print(a / b)   // 3   (integer division)
print(a % b)   // 1   (modulo)

Comparison Operators

x = 5
y = 10

print(x == y)  // false (equal)
print(x != y)  // true  (not equal)
print(x < y)   // true  (less than)
print(x <= y)  // true  (less or equal)
print(x > y)   // false (greater than)
print(x >= y)  // false (greater or equal)

Logical Operators

a = true
b = false

print(a and b)  // false
print(a or b)   // true
print(not a)    // false

Strings

Strings are enclosed in double quotes:

// String literals
greeting = "Hello, World!"

// Concatenation with +
first = "Hello"
second = "World"
combined = first + ", " + second + "!"
print(combined)  // "Hello, World!"

// String length
print(len(greeting))  // 13

// Convert to string
num = 42
text = str(num)  // "42"

Type Conversion

// String to number
numStr = "42"
num = int(numStr)
print(num + 8)  // 50

// Number to float
intVal = 10
floatVal = float(intVal)
print(floatVal)  // 10.0

// Anything to string
str(42)       // "42"
str(3.14)     // "3.14"
str(true)     // "true"
str([1,2,3])  // "[1, 2, 3]"

Print Function

The print function outputs values to the console:

// Single value
print("Hello")

// Multiple values (space-separated)
print("Name:", "Alice", "Age:", 25)

// Mixed types
print("Result:", 42, "is", true)